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 A Newbies Nuclear 101 Thread - Start Your Learning Here 
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Joined: Fri Jan 31, 2014 5:28 pm
Posts: 42
The "Geiger Counter Numbers, How BAd is Bad?" article does not take into account that radiation sickness is a deterministic, or a non-stochastic health effect, which has a threshold. In other words the only way to get radiation sickness is to be exposed to high level radiation above the threshold over a short period of time. No amount of radiation below this threshold will cause the effect.

Stochastic health effects, most notably cancer, follow the LNT model, are random which may or may not be caused by radiation, and odds increase with increased exposer, but may not occur at all even at very high doses.

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/deterministic-effects

Quote:
Deterministic effects describe a cause and effect relationship between radiation and some side-effects. They are also called non-stochastic effects to contrast their relationship with the chance-like stochastic effects, e.g. of cancer induction.

Deterministic effects have a threshold below which, the effect does not occur. The threshold may be very small and may vary from person to person. However, once the threshold has been exceeded, the severity of an effect increases with dose.

Examples of deterministic effects (doses are given as absorbed dose):

skin erythema: 2-5Gy
irreversible skin damage: 20-40Gy
hair loss: 2-5Gy
sterility 2-3Gy
cataracts: 5Gy
lethality (whole body): 3-5Gy
fetal abnormality: 0.1-0.5Gy


Sun Dec 27, 2015 9:54 am
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Joined: Fri Jan 31, 2014 5:28 pm
Posts: 42
This is another good site from Image Wisely which describes radiation health affects. It's mostly for radio medicine, but applies to all types of ionizing radiation regardless of its source.

http://www.imagewisely.org/imaging-moda ... -to-humans


Sun Dec 27, 2015 8:35 pm
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ammdb wrote:
This is another good site from Image Wisely which describes radiation health affects. It's mostly for radio medicine, but applies to all types of ionizing radiation regardless of its source.

http://www.imagewisely.org/imaging-moda ... -to-humans


Thanks for the link! I found the this quote from within very interesting and very upsetting too since CT scans are so often used in the hospitals, almost always after a regular x-ray due to insurances.

Quote:
The National Research Council of the National Academies has concluded that a single CT scan with a dose of 10 mSv carries a risk of 1:1000 of producing cancer.

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Mon Dec 28, 2015 2:31 pm
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